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Alexandria
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Alexander; believed to be
a copy of the cult statue
in Alexandria (Louvre)

Ruins in the center of Alexandria (Google Earth)
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Alexandria: town
founded by Alexander
the Great, capital of the Ptolemaic
Empire.
BCE
- The site of Alexandria was chosen in January 330 BCE;
the city was founded
on 7 April (text).
It replaced an older town, Rhacotis.
- This was an entirely Greek city, independent from
Egypt.
- During the reign of Ptolemy
I Soter, it became the capital of the Ptolemaic
Empire.
- Center of corn trade; production of papyrus; glass,
metal, textiles.
- The Jews and natives were second- and even third
class citizens.
- At the beginning of the common era, the town had at
least 300,000 male,
free inhabitants; a total population of over a million is not
impossible.
- Demetrius of Phaleron, Euclid,
Eratosthenes
of Cyrene, the translators of the Septuagint,
Callimachus
of Cyrene, Apollonius
of Rhodes, Aristarchus
of Samos.
- 168: Roman pressure forces Antiochus
IV Epiphanes to retire from Alexandria
- 47: Alexandrian War: Julius
Caesar puts Cleopatra
VII Philopator on the throne
- 30 BCE: Captured by Octavian;
death of Cleopatra; capital of Roman province;
the governor is not a senator
but a Roman knight.
- Diodorus
of
Sicily; Philo of Alexandria; Julius
Alexander
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Sphinx of Horemheb at the Serapeum

The Catacombs of Alexandria |
CE
- c. 8 CE: Two legions
at Alexandria: III
Cyrenaica and XXII
Deiotariana
- 38 CE: Pogrom
- Ministery of Mark?
- 68: Another
pogrom
- 69: Vespasian proclaimed emperor
- 115-117: Anti-Jewish riots (more...)
- 125: III Cyrenaica replaced by II
Traiana Fortis
- 130: Hadrian
visits the city
- Ptolemy
of Alexandria, Appian
of Alexandria
- 175: Marcus
Aurelius visits the city
- After 200: increasing Christian influence; Clement of
Alexandria
- 215: Visit by Caracalla
- 252: Origen banished
- 269/270: Captured by the Palmyrene troops
- 298: Sacked by Diocletian;
legion III
Diocletiana added to the garrison
- 328-335: Athanasius bishop
- 346-356: Athanasius bishop for the second time
- 357-358 Georgios bishop of Alexandria; the relics of
Andrew and Luke brought
to Constantinople
- 363: Visit by Julianus
Apostata
- 365: Earthquake
- 366-373: Athanasius bishop for the third time
- 389: All pagan monuments in Alexandria,
including
the Museum, destroyed
- 391: Destruction of the Serapeum
- 414: The last leader of the philosophical school, Hypatia,
is lynched by
a Christian mob
- 541 Plague
- 608-610: during the war between the emperors Phocas
and Heraclius;
the southern harbor is destroyed
- 619: The Sasanian
king Khusrau sacks the city
- 642: Replaced as capital of Egypt by Cairo
- 645-646: Reoccupied by the Byzantine commander
Manuel
- Alexandria has been called Alexander's most lasting
legacy.
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Byzantine mosaic showing
the Lighthouse of Alexandria (Qasr
Libya)
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Monuments
Literature
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This
brief article has been written to offer background information
to
the real articles on Livius.Org.
One day, this webpage will be improved. A list of completed articles
can
be found here.
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©
Jona Lendering for
Livius.Org,
2006
Revision: 26 Jan. 2009
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