Antiochus X Eusebes

Successor of: Antiochus IX Cyzicenus

Relatives:

• Father: Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
• Mother: 
• Wife: Cleopatra V Selene
• Children: Antiochus XIII Asiaticus, Seleucus Cybiosactes

• Since 114/113, two sons of queen Cleopatra Thea had been quarreling, and their rivalry had become connected with a similar struggle in Ptolemaic Egypt:
• Antiochus VIII Grypus, son of Demetrius II Nicator and Cleopatra Thea, was joined by Ptolemy X Alexander; they controled the northern half of the empire
• Antiochus IX Cyzicenus, son of Antiochus VII Sidetes and Cleopatra Thea, was supported by the Ptolemaic king-in-exile Ptolemy IX Soter Lathyros; they controled the southern part of the empire
• In 96, it seemed that this conflict could come to an end when Antiochus VIII died and his wife Cleopatra V Selene married to Antiochus IX Cyzicenus. It seemed that the southern branch of the Seleucid dynasty would win the rivalry.
• However, a son of Antiochus VIII, Seleucus VI Epiphanes Nicator, continued his father's rule and overcame Antiochus IX.
• Again, this might have been the opportunity for a reunion of the Seleucid Empire, now under the northern branch of the dynasty, but instead, a son of Antiochus IX, kept to his father's territories. This Antiochus X Eusebes Philopator married his stepmother, Cleopatra Selene, and defeated Seleucus at Mopsuestia in Cilicia
• 95: The Seleucids were able to miss this third opportunity to achieve peace as well. The northern branch found new leaders in Antiochus XI Epiphanes Philadelphus, and (in 94) the brothers Demetrius and Philip, who were supported by the Ptolemaic king-in-exile Ptolemy IX Soter Lathyros
• 92: Defeat of Antiochus XI Epiphanes Philadelphus. However, Antiochus X is unable to overcome the other leaders of the northern branch, who have established a realm in Damascus.
• It is not clear when the reign of Antiochus X Eusebes came to an end. Perhaps it was in 92, when the Parthians invaded the remains of the Seleucid Empire; alternatively, his reign was terminated by king Tigranes II the Great in 83.

• Appian of Alexandria, Syrian Wars, 48-49, 69-70, Mithridatic Wars, 105-106, Civil Wars, 5.10
• Cassius Dio, Roman History, 37.7a
• Diodorus of Sicily, Library of World History, 40.1
• Flavius Josephus, Jewish Antiquities, 13.367ff