Artaxerxes I Makrocheir

Silver bowl with inscription A1 Vase A of Artaxerxes I Makrocheir (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

Artaxerxes I Makrocheir: Achaemenid king of the Persian Empire, ruled from 465 to 424/423.

Relatives:

Father: Xerxes
Mother: Amestris
Wife: Damaspia

Son: Xerxes II

Second wife: Alogyne, a Babylonian lady

Son: Sogdianus

Third wife: Andia, another Babylonian lady

Bagopaeus, Parysatis (married to Darius II Nothus)

Fourth wife: Cosmartidene, also a Babylonian lady

Ochus = Darius II Nothus, Arsites

Main deeds:

Accession between 4 and 8 August 465, after his father Xerxes had been killed
Represses the insurrection in Egypt that had been supported by Athens
449/448: Peace of Callias (?), in which Persia and Athens agree on the limits of their spheres of influence
431: Outbreak of the Archidamian War; both Athens and Sparta ask for Persian support
Death between 24 December 424 and 10 January 423

Sources:

Persepolis: A1Pa, A1Pb
Vases
Diodorus of Sicily, Library of World History, Book 11-12

Buildings:

Naqš-i Rustam: Tomb II (?)
Persepolis: Hall of Hundred Columns, Palace of Artaxerxes I, Garrison Quarters

Succeeded by: civil war between Sogdianus, Xerxes II, and Darius II Nothus

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