Constantius II

Names:
7 August 317: Flavius Julius Constantius 
8 November 324: Flavius Julius Constantius Caesar 
9 September 337: Flavius Julius Constantius Augustus 
3 November 361: natural death

Successor of: Constantine I the Great

Relatives:

• father: Constantine I the Great
• mother: Fausta
• married to: daughter of Julius Constantius; Eusebia; Faustina
• children: Constantia (married to Gratianus)

• 324 Proclaimed caesar
• 326 Consul (with Constantine I the Great VII)
• 332 Constantinus II defeats the Visigoths; Constantius accepts the title Germanicus Maximus
• 334 Campaign against the Sarmatians
• 337 Succeeds his father as ruler in the east; his brothers Constantinus II and Constans receive the west and Italy
• 338 Meets the other rulers in Viminacium; Constans victorious against the Sarmatians; accepts the titles Sarmaticus Maximus; the Sasanian king Shapur II invades Mesopotamia and occupies Armenia; Constantius to Syria; accepts the title Persicus
• 339 Consul II (with Constans)
• 340 Constantinus II attacks Constans, but is defeated and killed
• 342 Consul III (with Constans II)
• 343 Battle of Singara; Constantius accepts the title Adiabenicus Maximus
• 346 Consul IV (with Constans III)
• 348 Constantius defeats the Persians in the Second battle of Singara
• 350 Revolt of Magnentius; Constans killed; revolt of Vetranio; revolt of Nepotianus; Shapur besieges Nisibis; death of Nepotianus; Vetranio resigns
• 351 Constantius Gallus made caesar; marries to Constantina (daughter of Constantine I the Great)
• 351 Battle of Mursa; Magnentius defeated
• 352 Consul V (with Gallus); Constantius in Milan
• 353 Consul VI (with Gallus II); suicide of Magnentius; Constantius is sole ruler of the Roman empire
• 354 Consul VII (with Gallus III); war against the Alamans; execution of Gallus Caesar; pagan temples closed
• 355 Military operations in Raetia; revolt of Silvanus in Cologne; he is immediately killed; Julianus proclaimed caesar
• 356 Consul VIII (with Julian); pagan cults forbidden; Julian liberates Cologne; war against the Alamans; death of Vetranio
• 357 Consul IX (with Julian II); Constantius' state visit to Rome; Julian defeats the Alamans near Argentoratum and campaigns beyond the Rhine
• 358 Fruitless negotiations with Shapur II; Constantius successfully campaigns against the Sarmatians, Quadi, and Limigantes; Barbatio repels an attack of the Juthungi on Raetia; Julian attacks the Franks along the Meuse
• 359 Julian again across the Rhine; fall of Barbatio; Constantius' second campaign against the Limigantes; the Persians capture Amida; treason trials
• 360 Consul X (with Julian III); Shapur II invades Mesopotamia, takes Singara and Bezabde; Constantius to the east, fails to recapture Bezabde; Julian proclaimed emperor, attacks the Franks
• 361 Constantius in Mesopotamia, prepares war against Julian; dies during his march to the west

• Rome: Obelisk in the Circus Maximus in Rome
• Constantinople: Church of Hagia Sophia (rebuilt by Justinian); cisterns

Contemporary events:

• 343/344 Council of Serdicca
• 337 Recall of Athanasius
• 339 Second exile of Athanasius
• 346 Athanasius returns to Alexandria
• 356 Athanasius expelled from Alexandria; the relics of Timothy brought to Constantinople
• 354 Birth of Augustine
• 356 Death of Anthony, the desert monk
• 357 Georgios made bishop of Alexandria; the relics of Andrew and Luke brought to Constantinople
• 358 An earthquake destroys Nicomedia; Georgios leaves Alexandria
• 359 Council of Ariminum; food riot at Rome