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Diocletian
22 December 245: Diocles
20 November 284: Imperator
Caesar, Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus Augustus
1 April 286: Imperator Caesar Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus
Augustus Iovius
Germanicus maximus (285), Sarmaticus maximus (285), Gothicus maximus
(293), Persicus maximus (295), Britannicus maximus (296?), Carpicus
maximus
(297?), Armenicus maximus (298), Medicus maximus (298), Adiabenicus
maximus
(298)
1 May 305: resigned
3 December 313: natural death
co-emperor of Maximian; ruled in the east
Picture: Arkeoloji
Müzesi, İstanbul
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Maximian
(first time)
21 July 250 (?): full name unknown
1 April 286: Imperator Caesar Marcus
Aurelius Valerius Maximianus
Augustus Herculius
Germanicus maximus (287), Sarmaticus maximus (289), Gothicus maximus
(293), Persicus maximus (295), Britannicus maximus (296?), Carpicus
maximus
(297?), Armenicus maximus (298), Medicus maximus (298), Adiabenicus
maximus
(298)
1 May 305: resigned
December 306: Imperator Caesar Marcus
Aurelius Valerius Maximianus
Augustus
November 308: forced to resign
July 310: taken captive; suicide
Picture: Rijksmuseum van oudheden, Leiden
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Constantius
I Chlorus
31 March 250: Julius Constantius
1 March 293: Flavius Valerius Constantius Caesar
Herculius
1 May 305: Imperator Caesar Gaius
Flavius Valerius Constantius
Germanicus maximus (293), Gothicus maximus (293), Sarmaticus maximus
(294), Persicus maximus (295?), Britannicus maximus (296?), Carpicus
maximus
(297?), Medicus maximus (298), Adiabenicus maximus (298)
25 July 306: natural death
Nickname: Chlorus ('the pale one')
co-emperor of Galerius; ruled in the west
Picture: Altes Museum, Berlin
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Galerius
±255: Maximinus (?)
21 May 293: Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus Caesar Iovius
1 May 305: Imperator Caesar Galerius
Valerius Maximianus Augustus
Germanicus maximus (293), Gothicus maximus (293), Aegyptiacus maximus
(294), Thebaicus maximus (294), Sarmaticus maximus (294), Persicus
maximus
(295?), Britannicus maximus (296?), Carpicus maximus (297?), Medicus
maximus
(298), Adiabenicus maximus (298)
May 311: natural death
co-emperor of Constantius I Chlorus; ruled in the
east
Picture: ©!!!
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Severus
date of birth and real name unknown
1 May 305: Flavius Valerius Severus Caesar
August 306: Imperator Severus Augustus
April 307: resigned
16 September 307: murdered
Picture: ©!!
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Constantine
the Great
27 February 272: Gaius Flavius Valerius
Constantinus
25 July 306: Flavius Valerius
Constantinus Caesar Herculius
Summer 307: Imperator Constantinus Augustus
October 29, 312: Imperator Constantinus Maximus Augustus
Persicus maximus (312), Germanicus maximus (313), Sarmaticus maximus
(313), Britannicus maximus (314?), Adiabenicus maximus (315?), Medicus
maximus (315?), Gothicus maximus (315?), Cappadocicus maximus (318),
Arabicus
maximus (318), Armenicus maximus (318), Dacicus maximus (336)
22 May 337: natural death
Picture: Musei Capitolini,
Roma
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Maxentius
±278: Marcus Valerius
Maxentius
28 October 306: Imperator
Maxentius
April 307: Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius Augustus Herculius
28 October 312: kiled in action
ruled in Italy
Picture: Museum Dresden
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Maximian
(second time)
21 July 250 (?): full name unknown
1 April 286: Imperator Caesar Marcus
Aurelius Valerius Maximianus
Augustus Herculius
Germanicus maximus (287), Sarmaticus maximus (289), Gothicus maximus
(293), Persicus maximus (295), Britannicus maximus (296?), Carpicus
maximus
(297?), Armenicus maximus (298), Medicus maximus (298), Adiabenicus
maximus
(298)
1 May 305: resigned
December 306: Imperator Caesar Marcus
Aurelius Valerius Maximianus
Augustus
November 308: forced to resign
July 310: taken captive; suicide
Picture: ©!!
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Licinius
±265; real name unknown
11 November 308: Imperator
Caesar Gaius Valerius Licinianus
Licinius Augustus Iovius
Germanicus maximus (310), Sarmaticus maximus (310)
19 September 324: resigned
Spring 325: executed
Picture: Bode-Museum, Berlin
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Maximinus
Daia
20 November 270(??): real name unknown
1 May 305: Galerius Valerius Maximinus Caesar Iovius
1 May 310: Imperator Gaius Galerius
Valerius Maximinus Augustus
Persicus (312), Sarmaticus (313), Germanicus (313)
August 313: natural death
nickname: Daia
Picture: ©!!
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Constantine
II
7 Augustus 316: Flavius Claudius
Constantinus
1 March 317: declared caesar
9 September 337: Flavius Claudius
Constantinus Augustus
Alamannicus maximus (328), Germanicus maximus (338?), Sarmaticus
maximus
Early April 340: killed in action
Picture: Bode-Museum, Berlin
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Constans
320 or 323: Flavius Constans
25 December 333: Flavius Constans Caesar
9 September 337: Flavius Claudius
Constans Augustus
338: Flavius Claudius Constans Sarmaticus Augustus
April 340: Flavius Claudius Constans Maximus Victor ac Triumphator
Augustus
18 January 350: murdered by courtiers
Picture: Louvre, Paris
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Constantius
II
7 August 317: Flavius Julius Constantius
8 November 324: Flavius Julius Constantius Caesar
9 September 337: Flavius Julius
Constantius Augustus
Germanicus maximus, Alamannicus maximus, Gothicus maximus (332),
Sarmaticus
(337), Persicus (338), Adiabenicus maximus (343)
3 November 361: natural death
Picture: Centrale Montemartini,
Roma
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Magnentius
±303: Magnus Magnentius
18 January 350: Imperator Caesar Magnus
Magnentius Augustus
10 August 353: suicide
Picture: Bode-Museum, Berlin
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Julian
the Apostate
May 331: Flavius Julianus
6 November 355: Flavius Julianus Caesar
February 360: Flavius Claudius Julianus
Augustus
Germanicus maximus (360), Alamannicus maximus (360), Francicus maximus
(360), Sarmaticus maximus
26 June 363: killed in action
nickname: Apostata ("the apostate")
Picture: National Archaeological Museum, Athens
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Jovian
331: Jovianus
27 June 363: Flavius Jovianus Augustus
17 February 364: natural death?
Picture: ©!!
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Valentinian
I
321: Valentinianus
25 February 364: Flavius Valentinianus
Augustus
Germanicus maximus (368), Alamannicus maximus (368),
Francicus
maximus (368), Gothicus maximus (369)
17 november 375: natural death
co-emperor of Valens; ruled in the west
Picture: Valkhof Museum, Nijmegen
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Valens
±328: Valens
28 March 364: Imperator Caesar Flavius
Valens Augustus
Germanicus maximus (368), Alamannicus maximus (368),
Francicus
maximus (368), Gothicus maximus (369)
2 August 378: killed in action
co-emperor of Valentinian I; ruled in the east
Picture: Römisch-Germanisches
Zentralmuseum, Mainz
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Gratian
April 359: Gratianus
24 Augustus 367: Imperator Caesar
Flavius Gratianus Augustus
Germanicus maximus (368), Alamannicus maximus (368),
Francicus
maximus (368), Gothicus maximus (369)
25 August 383: murdered by Magnus
Maximus
ruled in the west
Picture: ©!!
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Valentinian
II
Autumn 371: Valentinianus
22 November 375: Valentinianus Augustus
15 May 392: murdered by his general
Arbogast
ruled in the west
Picture: Arkeoloji Müzesi, İstanbul
(Turkey).
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Theodosius
I
11 January 347: Flavius Theodosius
19 January 379: Flavius Theodosius
Augustus
17 January 395: natural death
ruled in the east; last one to unite the empire
briefly
Picture: Valkhofmuseum, Nijmegen
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Magnus
Maximus
full name and date of birth unknown
Spring 383: Magnus Maximus
Augustus
Britannicus maximus
28 July 388: executed
ruled in the west
Picture: Bode-Museum, Berlin
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Arcadius
377: Flavius Arcadius
19 January 383: Flavius Arcadius
Augustus
1 May 408: natural death
co-emperor of Honorius; ruled in the east
Picture: Arkeoloji Müzesi,
İstanbul
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Honorius
9 September 384: Flavius Honorius
January 393: Flavius Honorius Augustus
15 August 423: natural death
co-emperor of Arcadius; ruled in the west
Picture: Musei Capitolini,
Roma; ©**
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