Gallienus

Names:

• ±213: Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus
• September 253: Publius Licinius Gallienus Caesar Augustus 
• October 253: Imperator Caesar Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus Augustus
• September/October 268: murdered by soldiers

Relatives:

• father: Valerian
• mother: Mariniana
• married to: Cornelia Salonina
• children: Valerianus, Saloninus, Marinianus

Main deeds:

• ±213 Born (in Falerii Novi?)
• 253 Valerian proclaimed emperor; marches on Rome; recognized by the Senate after the death of Aemilianus; Sasanian invasion of Syria; Gothic naval expedition to Asia Minor; appoints Gallienus co-ruler
• 254 Consul (with Valerian II); Stays in the Balkans; accepts the title Germanicus
• 255 Consul II (with Valerian III); accepts the title Germanicus maximus
• 256 Valerianus Junior made caesar
• 257 Consul III (with Valerian IV); accepts the title Germanicus maximus III and Germanicus maximus IV; Valerian launches persecution of the Christians; accepts the title Dacicus maximus
• 258 Visits the Rhineland; accepts the title Germanicus maximus V; death of Valerianus Junior
• 260 Valerian taken captive by Shapur; many usurpations (Macrianus, Quietus and Ballista in the east; Ingenuus and Regalianus in Pannonia); Gallienus accepts the existence of the Palmyrene Empire (Odaenathus) and Gallic Empire (Postumus); Gallienus defeats the Alamans near Milan; puts an end to the persecutions of Christians; loses his son Saloninus; Aureolus defeats Ingenuus
• 261 Consul IV (with Lucius Petronius Taurus Volusianus); Aureolus defeats Macrianus; Odaenathus takes Emesa and executes Quietus and Ballista; rebellion of Mussius Aemilianus; brief revolt of Piso and Valens in Thessaly
• 262 Consul V (with Nummius Fausinianus); arrest and execution of Mussius Aemilianus; brief revolt of Aureolus, who surrenders to Gallienus; death of Valerian, still captive; Arch of Gallienus
• 264 Consul VI (with Saturninus); visits Greece; initiated in the Mysteries; Gallienus' victory over the Sarmatians?; Regalianus killed?
• 265 Attacks Postumus in Gaul, unsuccessfully
• 266 Consul VII (with Sabinillus)
• 267 The Heruli sack Byzantium; Visigoths invade Asia Minor; Odaenathus killed, but succeeded by Vaballathus and Zenobia
• 268 Defeats the Visigoths and Herulians near Naissus; second revolt of Aureolus in Milan; Gallienus murdered during the siege of Milan, probably together with his wife Salonina
• succeeded by Claudius II Gothicus

Contemporary events:

• 258 Martyrdom of Sixtus II and Laurentius
• 258 (or 259) Martyrdom of Cyprian
• 268 Synod of Antioch declares Paul of Samosata a heretic

Succeeded by: Claudius II Gothicus

Links:

• biography from the Historia Augusta