| Ex libro LXVI
Iugurtha
pulsus
a C. Mario Numidia cum auxilio Bocchi, Maurorum regis, adiutus esset,
caesis
proelio Bocchi quoque copiis, nolente Boccho bellum infeliciter
susceptum
diutius sustinere vinctus ab eo et Mario traditus est; in qua re
praecipua
opera L. Corneli Sullae, quaestoris C. Mari, fuit.
|
From book 66
[106
BCE] When Jugurtha,
expelled from Numidia by Gaius Marius, received help of Bocchus, king
of
the Maurians, Bocchus' troops were slaughtered in battle and Bocchus no
longer wanted to continue the war he had so unfortunately undertaken.
He
threw Jugurtha in chains and handed him over to Marius; in this affair,
the main actor was Lucius Cornelius Sulla, the quaestor
of Gaius Marius.
|
| Ex libro LXVII
M. Aurelius
Scaurus,
legatus consulis, a Cimbris fuso exercitu captus est, et cum in
consilium
ab his advocatus deterreret eos ne Alpes transirent Italiam petituri,
eo
quod diceret Romanos vinci non posse, a Boiorige, feroci iuvene,
occisus
est. Ab isdem
hostibus Cn. Manlius cos. et Q. Servilius Caepio procos. victi proelio
castris quoque binis exuti sunt, militum milia LXXX occisa, calonum et
lixarum XL (secundum Antiatem) apud Arausionem. Caepionis,
cuius temeritate clades accepta erat, damnati bona publicata sunt,
primi
post regem Tarquinium imperiumque ei abrogatum.
In triumpho
C.
Mari ductus ante currum eius Iugurtha cum duobus filiis et in carcere
necatus
est. Marius triumphali
veste in senatum venit, quod nemo ante eum fecerat, eique propter metum
Cimbrici belli continuatus per complures annos est consulatus. Secundo
et tertio absens consul creatus quartum consulatum dissimulanter
captans
consecutus est.
Cn. Domitius
pont.
max. populi suffragio creatus est.
Cimbri
vastatis omnibus quae inter Rhodanum et Pyrenaeum sunt, per saltum in
Hispaniam
transgressi ibique multa loca populati a Celtiberis fugati sunt,
reversique
in Galliam in Veliocassis se Teutonis coniunxerunt.
|
From book 67
[105]
After
the defeat of his army, Marcus Aurelius Scaurus, a deputy of the consul,
was captured by the Cimbrians and called to their council, where he
deterred
them from crossing the Alps and going to Italy, saying that the Romans
were unconquerable. He was killed by a savage young man,
Boiorix. Defeated
by the same enemies, consul Gnaeus Manlius and proconsul
Quintus Servilius Caepio were stripped of both their camps; according
to
Valerius Antias, 80,000 soldiers and 40,000 servants and camp followers
were killed near Arausio. Caepio,
who had caused the defeat by his rashness, was convicted; his
possessions
were confiscated (for the first time since king Tarquinius) and his
powers
abrogated.
[104]
During
the triumph of Gaius Marius, Jugurtha walked in front of the chariot
with
his two sons, and was killed in the jail. Marius
entered the Senate
in triumphal dress, something no one had ever done before, and his
consulship
was prolonged out of fear of the Cimbrian war. He
was away when he was elected for consul for the second and third time,
and obtained a fourth consulship by pretending not to be aiming for it.
The people
chose
Gnaeus Domitius as pontifex
maximus.
Having
devastated
everything between Rhône and Pyrenees,
the Cimbrians moved through a mountain pass into Hispania, where they
were
-after having devastated many districts- routed by the Celtiberians.
They
returned to Gaul and joined the Teutons in the land of the
Veliocassians.
|
| Ex libro LXVIII
M. Antonius
praetor
in Ciliciam maritimos praedones persecutus est.
C. Marius
cos.
summa vi oppugnata a Teutonis et Ambronibus castra defendit. Duobus
deinde proeliis circa Aquas Sextias eosdem hostes delevit, in quibus
caesa
traduntur hostium CC milia, capta XC milia.
Marius absens
quinto
cos. creatus est. Triumphum
oblatum, donec et Cimbros vinceret, distulit.
Cimbri cum
repulso
ab Alpibus fugatoque Q. Catulo procos., qui fauces Alpium obsidebat (ad
flumen Athesim cohortem quae castellum editum insederat, reliquerat,
quae
tamen virtute sua explicata fugientem procos. exercitumque consecuta
est),
in Italiam traiecissent, iunctis eiusdem Catuli et C. Mari exercitibus,
proelio victi sunt; in quo caesa traduntur hostium milia CXL, capta LX.
Marius totius
civitatis
consensu exceptus pro duobus triumphis qui offerebantur, uno contentus
fuit. Primores
civitatis, qui ei aliquamdiu ut novo homini ad tantos honores evecto
inviderant,
conservatam ab eo rem p. fatebantur.
Publicius
Malleolus
matre occisa primus in culleo insutus in mare praecipitatus est.
Ancilia cum strepitu mota esse,
antequam Cimbricum bellum consummaretur, refertur.
Bella praeterea inter Syriae reges
gesta continet.
|
From book 68
Praetor
Marcus Antonius pursued the pirates
to Cilicia.
[102]
Consul
Gaius Marius defended his camp against a violent attack by the Teutons
and Ambronians. After
this, he defeated these enemies in two battles near Aquae Sextiae, in
which
-they say- 200,000 enemies were killed and 90,000 captured.
[101]
Although
away from home, Marius was elected consul for the fifth time. He
postponed the triumph offered to him until he had also defeated the
Cimbrians.
The
Cimbrians,
who had driven back and put to flight proconsul Quintus Catulus, who
had
wanted to block the passes in the Alps (near the river Adige he left a
cohort that occupied a mountain castle; but by its own valour it broke
away and followed the fleeing proconsul and his army), invaded Italy, [100]
but
were defeated in battle by the united forces of this Catulus and Gaius
Marius; it is said that 160,000 enemies were killed and 60,000
captured.
Although
Marius,
welcomed by the applause of the entire state, had been offered two
triumphs,
he was content with one. The
first men in the state, who had until then envied the "new man" who had
reached so many important posts, now admitted that the state had been
rescued
by him.
Publicius
Malleolus,
who had killed his mother, was the first to be sewn into a sack and
thrown
into the sea.
It is said that the sacred shields
moved and rattled before the Cimbrian war was over.
It [book 68] also contains an account
of a war between the Syrian
kings [Antiochus
VIII and Antiochus
IX].
|
| Ex libro LXIX
L. Apuleius
Saturninus,
adiuvante C. Mario et per milites occiso A. Nunnio competitore tribunus
plebis per vim creatus, non minus violenter tribunatum, quam petierat,
gessit et cum legem agrariam per vim tulisset, Metello Numidico, quod
in
eam
non iuraverat, diem dixit. Qui
cum a bonis civibus defenderetur, ne causa certaminum esset, in exilium
voluntarium, Rhodum, profectus est, ibique audiendo et legendo magnos
viros
avocabatur.
Profecto C.
Marius,
seditionis auctor, qui sextum consulatum pecunia per tribus sparsa
emerat,
aqua et igni interdixit.
Idem Apuleius
Saturninus
trib. pleb. C. Memmium, candidatum consulatus, quoniam adversarium eum
actionibus suis timebat, occidit. Quibus
rebus concitato senatu, in cuius causam et C. Marius (homo varii
mutabilis
ingenii consiliique semper secundum fortunam) transierat, oppressus
armis
cum Glaucia praetore et aliis eiusdem furoris sociis bello quodam
interfectus
est.
Q. Caecilius
Metellus
ab exilio ingenti totius civitatis favore reductus est.
M'. Aquilius
procos.
in Sicilia bellum servile excitatum confecit.
|
From book 69
Using
violence,
Lucius Appuleius Saturninus, who had the support of Gaius Marius, and
whose
rival Aulus Nunnius had been killed by soldiers, was made tribune
of the plebs,
and occupied his tribuneship no less violently than he had tried to
obtain
it. When he had, using violence, passed a land bill, he accused
Metellus
Numidicus, who had not sworn to uphold this law. He
was defended by the better citizens, but went into voluntary exile at
Rhodes
because he refused to be the cause of civil struggle. Here, he found
distraction
in reading and listening to great orators.
When he had
left,
Gaius Marius, who was responsible for the riot and had bought a sixth
consulship
by distributing money to the voting districts, confirmed Metellus'
exile.
The same
tribune
Appuleius Saturninus assassinated Gaius Memmius, a candidate for the
consulship
whom he feared to be against him. Shocked
by these crimes, the Senate, to whose side Gaius Marius (a man of
constantly
changing ideas and plans, always following fortune) had gone over, put
Saturninus down, together with the praetor Glaucia and other allies who
accompanied him in his madness, and had him killed in something like a
battle.
With the
approval
of the entire community, Quintus Caecilius Metellus was recalled from
exile.
Proconsul
Manius
Aquilius put an end to the war against the slaves that had originated
in
Sicily.
|
| Ex libro LXX
Cum M'.
Aquilius
de pecuniis repetundis causam diceret, ipse iudices rogare noluit; M.
Antonius,
qui pro eo perorabat, tunicam a pectore eius discidit, ut honestas
cicatrices
ostenderet. Indubitate
absolutus est. (Cicero
eius rei solus auctor.)
T. Didius
procos.
adversus Celtiberos feliciter pugnavit.
Ptolemaeus,
Cyrenarum
rex, cui cognomen Apionis fuit, mortuus heredem
populum R. reliquit
et eius regni civitates senatus liberas esse iussit.
Ariobarzanes
in
regnum Cappadociae a L. Cornelio Sulla reductus est. Parthorum
legati a rege Arsace missi venerunt ad Sullam ut amicitiam populi R.
peterent.
P. Rutilius,
vir
summae innocentiae, quoniam legatus C. Muci procos. a publicanorum
iniuriis
Asiam defenderat, invisus equestri ordini penes quem iudicia erant,
repetundarum
damnatus in exilium missus est.
C. Sentius
praetor
adversus Thracas infeliciter pugnavit.
Senatus, cum impotentiam equestris
ordinis in iudiciis exercendis ferre nollet, omni vi eniti coepit ut ad
se iudicia transferret, sustinente causam eius M. Livio Druso trib.
pleb.,
qui ut vires sibi adquireret, perniciosa spe largitionum plebem
concitavit.
Praeterea motus Syriae regnumque
continet.
|
From book 70
When Manius
Aquilius
was accused of extortion, he refused to appeal to the jury, and Marcus
Antonius, who had spoken for him, tore the tunic from his chest to show
his honorable scars. Without
further ado, he was acquitted. (Cicero
is the only source for this case.)
[97]
Proconsul
Titus Didius successfully fought against the Celtiberians.
[96]
After
his death, king Ptolemy of Cyrene,
surnamed Apion, made the Roman people his inheritor
and the Senate
decreed that all the towns in his kingdom were to be free.
[95]
Ariobarzanes
was brought back to the kingdom of Cappadocia
by Lucius Cornelius Sulla. Envoys
of the Parthians,
sent by the Arsacid
king, came to Sulla to ask for the friendship of the Roman people.
[92]
Because
as deputy of governor
Gaius Mucius he had defended Asia against the injustice of the
publicans,
Publius Rutilius, a man of supreme innocence, was hated by the
equestrian
order, which controlled the law courts and sent him into exile because
of extortion.
Praetor Gaius
Sentius
unsuccessfully fought against the Thracians.
[91] The
Senate, which refused to accept the control of the law courts by the
equestrian
order, started to try to transfer control to the Senate itself. It was
supported by tribune Marcus Livius Drusus, who, to obtain more power,
stirred
up the people with the dangerous hope of a largesse.
It [book 70] also contains an account
of the troubles in the Syrian kingdom.
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