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Seleucid Kings
The empires of the Diadochi in 283. Design Jona Lendering.
The hellenistic kingdoms in 280 BCE
 On this page, you will find a complete list of rulers of the Seleucid Empire, the largest of the kingdoms that succeeded the short-lived empire of Alexander the Great. Until quite recently, the chronology of the kings was essentially based on classical sources, but the publication of the Astronomical Diaries, other cuneiform sources, and studies of the number of coin dies, have generated a lot of new information.
Family Tree of the Seleucid Kings. Design Jona Lendering. Table of Late Seleucid Kings. Design Jona Lendering.
Family Tree of Seleucid Kings Late Seleucid Rulers
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Entire realm
Line of Alexander
Northern branch
Southern branch
 Other
Coin of Seleucus I Nicator. British Museum, London (Britain). Photo Marco Prins.
Seleucus I Nicator
1(?) June 311
-
September 281
Antiochus I Soter as crown prince. Coin from the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara (Turkey). Photo Marco Prins.
Antiochus I Soter
September 281
-
2 June 261
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus II Theos.
Antiochus II Theos
2 June 261
-
early July 246
Coin of the Seleucid king Seleucus II Callinicus.
Seleucus II Callinicus
July/August 246
-
December 225
Coin of the Seleucid king Seleucus III Keraunos or Soter.
Seleucus III Keraunos (or Soter)
December 225
-
April-June 222
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus III the Great. British Museum, London (Britain). Photo Marco Prins.
Antiochus III the Great
April-June 222
-
3 July 187
Coin of the Seleucid king Seleucus IV Philopator.
Seleucus IV Philopator
3 July 187
-
3 September 175
Coin of Antiochus IV Epiphanes.
Antiochus IV Epiphanes
3 September 175
-
November/December 164
Coin of Antiochus V Eupator.
Antiochus V Eupator
November/December 164
-
after 29 October 162
Coin of the Seleucid king Demetrius I Soter.
Demetrius I Soter
before September/October 161
-
beginning of June 150
Coin of the Seleucid king Alexander Balas.
Alexander I Balas
summer 152
-
beginning of August 145
Coin of the Seleucid king Demetrius II Nicator. Museum of Deir ez-Zor (Syria). Photo Marco Prins.
Demetrius II Nicator (first reign)
before 8 September 145
-
July/August 138
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus VI Epiphanes. Altes Museum, Berlin (Germany). Photo Jona Lendering.
Antiochus VI Dionysus (or Epiphanes)
145/144
-
141/140
Coin of the Seleucid king Diodotus Tryphon.
Diodotus Tryphon
141/140
-
after August 138
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus VII Sidetes or Euergetes.
Antiochus VII Sidetes (or Euergetes)
July/August 138
-
after 20 May 129
Coin of the Seleucid king Demetrius II Nicator. Museum of Deir ez-Zor (Syria). Photo Marco Prins.
Demetrius II Nicator (second reign)
first months of 129
-
after March 125
Coin of Alexander II Zabinas.
Alexander II Zabinas
129
-
123
Coin of the Seleucid queen Cleopatra Thea.
Cleopatra Thea
125

Seleucus V
125
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus VIII Grypus.
Cleopatra Thea and Antiochus VIII Grypus
125
-
121
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus VIII Grypus.
Antiochus VIII Grypus
121
-
96
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus IX Cyzicenus.
Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
115
-
early 95
Coin of the Seleucid king Demetrius III Eucaerus or Philopator.
Demetrius III Eucaerus (or Philopator)
97/96
-
87
Coin of the Seleucid king Seleucus VI Nicator.
Seleucus VI Epiphanes Nicator
96
-
94
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus XI Epiphanes Philadelphus.
Antiochus XI Epiphanes Philadelphus
c.95
-
93/92
Coin of the Seleucid king Philip I Philadelphus. Museum of Deir ez-Zor (Syria). Photo Marco Prins.
Philip I Philadelphus
c.95
-
c.75
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus X Eusebes Philopator.
Antiochus X Eusebes Philopator
early 95
-
c.88
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus XII Dionysus.
Antiochus XII Dionysus
87
-
83/82
Coin of king Tigranes II the Great of Armenia. British Museum, London (Britain). Photo Marco Prins.
Tigranes II the Great of Armenia
74/73
-
69
Coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus XIII Asiaticus.
Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
69
-
64
 
Philip II Philoromaeus
67/66
-
66/65
B/W-coins ©!!.

Literature

  • F. Assar, "The Inception and Terminal Dates of the Reigns of Seleucus II, Seleucus III and Antiochus III" = Nabu 45 (2007).
  • Bert van der Spek, "New Evidence from the Babylonian Astronomical Diaries Concerning Seleucid and Arsacid History" in: Archiv für Orientforschung 44/45 (1997-1998) 167-175.
  • O. Hoover, "Revised Chronology for the Late Seleucids at Antioch (121/0-64 BC)" in: Historia 65/3 (2007) 280-301
 
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