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Sardurihinilli (Çavuştepe)

Sardurihinilli: Urartian hillfort, south of Van, modern Çavuştepe.

Built by Kings Sardure II of Urartu (r.763-734 BCE); like most Urartian forts, it is built on a very long hill, making the complex almost linear in form; it dominates a river plain
25 km south of the Urartian capital Tušpa Van)
cisterns, king's tower, kitchen, palace, storehouses, temple of Khaldi, the world's oldest known toilet, walls, workshops (7th century BC)
Seventh-century workshops
Destroyed on two occasions, perhaps by the Cimmerians and in 547 BCE by the Persians
The land surrounding Çavustepe is still irrigated with ancient canals;

Çavustepe, from the plain

Çavustepe, Wall

Çavustepe, Kitchen

Çavustepe, Inscription