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Argos

Argos (Greek: Ἄργος): city in the northeastern Peloponnese.

Argos, Heraion, West pediment, Head of Hera

Capital of the northeastern Peloponnese; two hills, Larisa (west) and Aspis (northeast)
Controls the road from Corinth to Nauplia and Arcadia
Early occupation (Early and Middle Helladic)
Mycenaean citadel on the Larisa hill; echoes of this age in the Epic Cycle (Thebais; Epigoni)
Dorian invasion; takes over power from Mycenae and controls the eastern part of the Peloponnese down to Cythera
c.750-725 BCE Temple of Hera
c.725-700 BCE Destruction of Asine
Argos defeats Sparta at Hysiae
c.600 BCE The king-tyrant Pheidon
It is reasonable to assume that towns that felt threatened by Argos asked Sparta for protection; creation of the Peloponnesian League
c.547 BCE Battle of Thyrea, Argos loses the southeastern Peloponnese to Sparta (the Thyreatis)
Conflict with king Cleomenes of Sparta; big crisis; a combination of monarchy and democracy

Hera on a coin from Argos

480 BCE: Persian War; Argos, more anti-Sparta than pro-Persian, remains neutral
The Macedonian dynasty, the Argeads, claim to be from Argos
c.460: Full democracy
Gradual expansion of control: end of Tiryns and Mycenae, conquest of Cleonae + control Nemean Games
BCE 423 Destruction of the temple of Hera
In the entr'acte between the Archidamian War and the Decelean War: alliance with Athens

Argos, Heraion, Sima

Argos, Heraion, Amazonomachy

Argos, Heraion, West pediment, Palladion

Argos, Theater, Statue of Aphrodite