Greater Iran

Chorasmian coin

Kara Tepe, Painted pottery

Eucratides I of Bactria

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Fergana Valley, Bronze cauldron

Hecatompylos, square building

The Nesaean Plain, surrounding Ecbatana (modern Hamadan)

Kangavar, portico

A Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

Eburz near Ahuan

Kara Tepe, Head

slng (OP. Zranka = Drangiana)

Parthian lute player

Orodes III

The citadel of Afrosiab, seen from Samarkand's observatory

Map of Alexander's Return

Afrosiab, Ditch

Parthian bottle

Zurmala stupa, entrance

Fayaz Tepe, Seated Buddha

Vardanes II

A mounted archer

Monstrous male figure with a water vessel (Early Bronze Age)

Hellenistic pilgrim flask

Kara Tepe, West, Skeleton

Bactrian camel, Persepolis

Capital with a figure showing features of Buddha and Heracles

Sogdian

Phraates IV

Bactrian coin, last quarter of the second century BCE

Zurmala stupa

Kyrgyzstan

Dasht-e Kavir

Zurmala stupa, brickwork

Northern hill

Amulet of Bes from Iran

Tepe Godin, from the southeast

Late pottery

Fayaz Tepe, Standing Buddha

ch3rs3m' (OP. Uvârazmîy = Chorasmia)

Mithradates IV

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief

Snake amulet

Hyrcanian cup, decorated with gazelles

Kangavar, foundations of a wall

Vologases IV

Afrosiab, Ditch

Tepe Godin, pottery from level III

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief IV

Kara Tepe, Head

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Afrosiab, Ruins

The 1999-2004 excavations

A mountain valley

The river Oxus

Corinthian capital from Balkh

pltiiw3 (OP. Parthava = Parthia)

Sarmatian roundel

Tepe Godin, the deep sounding

Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Sogdians

Southern hill, panorama

The statue of Firdausi (a copy can be seen in the Villa Borghese park in Rome)

Summit of the ziggurat

Tepe Nush-e Jan, wall of the fort

Ctesiphon, iwan

Gotarzes I

A bullshead from Ecbatana

Kampyr Tepe, Houses

Houses in Kampyr Tepe

Kerman, mountains

Koktepa, Scissors

Bactrian imitation of an Athenian drachm

Hellenistic or Parthian gargoyle

The "French trench"

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Eucratides II of Bactria

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief, drawing

The ruins from Ai Khanum

Coin of Artabanus I

Hyrcania, terraces

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Arians

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sagartians

A Sagartian

Dura Europos, Temple of the Palmyrene Gods

Kangavar, stairs

Eucratides I of Bactria

Dura Europos, Palmyra Gate

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sogdians

Demetrius I of Bactria

The Avestan world

Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall, two dromedary riders

A big jar (dolium)

Terraces, north of the mountains

A Parthian dignitary

Koktepa, Mirror

Fayaz Tepe, Miniature vessel

The Zayandeh Rud and Isfahan's famous Si-o-se Bridge

Parthian quarter

Vologases VI

Afrosiab, Ruins

A Bactrian. Relief from the eastern stairs of the Apadana at Persepolis.

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sacae

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa, inside

Dura Europos, Temple of Aphlad, Relief of Aphlad

Phraates III

Safavid bridge on Sasanian piers

A Magian, worshipping at a fire altar

Mountain plain

Hecatompylos, hill 2

Topraq Qala

Map of Alexander's Persian Campaign

Eshaqvan from a distance

Aššur, Parthian stele of a worshipper

Sinatruces

Sogdian helmet

Kara Tepe, Frieze of an elephant

Zoilus of Bactria

Relief of Artabanus IV

Fayaz Tepe, Fountain

skdy (OP. Sugda = Sogdia)

Afrosiab, Ruins

Babylonian map of the western Zagros. A road, a mountain, and a river are indicated.

Valley of the Kunar, from an airplane

Sogdian weapons

Iron Age ring from western Parthia

Vonones I

Kampyr Tepe, Plain

Tepe Hisar, Late Bronze Age phial

Gotarzes II

Head of a Parthian

Jar from the fourth millennium BCE

Parthian jar

Clandestine excavation at Hill 1

Strata

Tiridates I

Two Medes

An Arian

Tepe Hesar, Figurine

Central-Asian statuette of a camel

Afrosiab, Ruin of a wall

Iron ore

Fayaz Tepe, Sun god

Kara Tepe, Relief

Disk with a deity with two wild animals

Achaemenid column bases

The Wall of Alexander near Gonbad-e Kavus

hlw3 (OP. Haraiva = Aria)

Tepe Nush-e Jan, brickwork inside the fort

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Medes

Parthian lion

Vologases II

Kara Tepe, West, Inside a cave

Hamadan, Sasanian ostracon about receiving a ration of food

Dura Europos, Old Citadel

Kangavar, summit

Gabae, hill

The Jaxartes, between Samarkand and Tashkent

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

Tepe Godin, map

A bowl from Tepe Hesar I

Varahsha, Relief of a hunter

Eagle-shaped scythian brooche

Hamadan, Parthian oil lamp

Zurmala stupa

Hellenistic column base

Kara Tepe, West, Caves

The Behistun relief from below

Parthian warrior

Vologases V

Arrowheads from Hamadan

Hecatompylos, hill 3

Coin of Phraates II

Kara Tepe, North, Court

Sherds on the plain

Plate, decorated with a snake (Early Bronze Age)

Small Hellenistic or Parthian bust

Kara Tepe, Relief

Handle of a Parthian coffin

A fertile plain north of Nihavand

Vardanes I

Southeastern "tower of silence"

sg?shkš (OP Sâka = Scythians)

Tepe Hesar

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery, Court

A Hellenistic or Parthian lion

Dura Europos, a Parthian votive relief

Tepe Godin, store rooms

Charax

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sogdians

Orodes II

Gabae, hill

Parthian bowl

Parthian mounted archer

Karmir Blur, Scythian arrowheads

Hamadan, Parthian oil lamp

Parthian relief of Mithradates II, drawing

An Arachosian. Relief from the East Stairs of the Apadana, Persepolis

Vonones II

Map of the world of the Scythians

Scythian arrowheads

Cup from the first millennium

Ambassadors Fresco: northern wall, Chinese boat

Letter from Artabanus II, requesting the appointment of one Hecataeus as treasurer

Artabanus IV

s3htjl (OP. Bâkhtriš = Bactria)

The Elburz from Tepe Hesar

An incision (a brook cutting its way through the rocks)

Behistun relief from a distance

Ctesiphon, iwan

The 1999-2004 excavations

Terrace wall

Yazd, funeral houses

Scythian archer on an Athenian dish

Fayaz Tepe, Pottery with an Indian inscription

Cadusian arrowheads

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief III

Fayaz Tepe, wall painting of Alexander the Great

Early first millennium beak pot

Southern hill

Modern painting of Zarathustra

Axe in the shape of a two-headed demon, mastering a boar and a dragon (Early Bronze Age)

A Parthian. Relief from the East Stairs of the Apadana, Persepolis

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Ai Khanum, map

Behistun Rock, seen from the east

Hecatompylos, hill 1

Kangavar, general view

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Persian dish

Tepe Nush-e Jan, apadana

Kara Tepe, Lid of a pot

Karwansaray near Ahuan

Map of Sogdia

Deformed skulls

Sharestan Bridge

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Arachosians

The Zagros west of Qazvin

Hellenistic or Parthian figurine of a harpist

The Sagartian king Tritantaechmes on the Behistun relief

Derbent Road

Mithradates I the Great

Hamadan, Sasanian flask

Novocherkassk, Vessel with an elk_handle

Northwestern "tower of silence"

The famous iwan of Ctesiphon

Ambassadors Fresco: western wall, delegates

Aquaduct

Artabanus III, coin

Kara Tepe, West, "Greek" column base

Christian ossuary

Behistun, Parthian relief of Mithadates II

Kara Tepe, Relief

The Silk Road

Fayaz Tepe, Necklace

Osroes I

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Gotarzes relief

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery and Stupa, model

Sakâ tigrakhaudâ. Relief from the eastern stairs of the Apadana at Persepolis.

Tepe Nush-e Jan, from the east

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

Shorsuv, Portrait of a warrior

A Tatar khan with a pointed cap

Bottle from Tepe Hesar level II

Arsaces I

Early first millennium beak pot

The Parthian king Vologases

Nineveh, Funerary mask, Parthian age

Watercourse

Samarkand, Afrosiab, Sogdian pottery

Demetrius I of Bactria

Pot from the fourth millennium BCE

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sacae

Sogdian pottery

Kara Tepe, South, Two caves

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a seated Buddha

Crossing the Elburz

Cup from the fourth millennium

Grey ware from Khurvin

Zoroastrian fire altar

Mithradates II

Orodes I

Entrance of the excavation

Sasanian fort with fire sanctuary

Map of Hyrcania/Parthia/Aria

Geological layers

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Medes

Hecatompylos, hill 1

Phraataces

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

The Zanjan Rud

Diodotus I of Bactria, coin

Artabanus II

Behistun, Parthian relief of Gotarzes II defeating Meherdates

Kara Tepe, Head

Parthian rock reliefs

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

The wall of Toos (in its present form Seljuk)

Belogradets, Cimmerian tombstone

Hellenistic figurine of a deity

At the banks of the Oxus river

Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall

Gonur Deppe, Horse tomb

Head of a bronze statue of a Parthian prince, found at Shami, Khuzestan

Ctesiphon, iwan

Weight from Azerbaijan

Weight from Jiroft, made of chlorite

A Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

Oil lamp

Sherd from the fourth millennium BCE

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a group of courtiers

Kara Tepe, North, General view

Shashtepa, Fragment of a rhyton

Dura Europos, Temple of Zeus Theos

The Caspian Sea at Ramsar

The relief at Eshaqvand (cast at Taq-e Bostan)

Along the road from Hamadan to the west

A Parthian dignitary

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple, altar

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Parthians

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief II

Vologases III

Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Scythians

Kara Tepe, North, Court, Column bases

Kara Tepe, West, Court with cells

Kangavar, back

A Magian (Oxus Treasure)

Ctesiphon, iwan

Zurmala stupa

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

Eshaqvan Rock Tombs

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Kara Tepe, West, Round Stupa

m'dy (OP. Mâda = Media)

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Bactrians

Deep sounding

Axes from Luristan