Greater Iran

Dura Europos, a Parthian votive relief

Kara Tepe, Frieze of an elephant

Kara Tepe, Relief

Eshaqvan, Rock tombs, seen from a distance

Dura Europos, Palmyra Gate

A mountain valley

Kara Tepe, Head

Novocherkassk, Vessel with an elk_handle

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Relief IV

Bottle from Tepe Hesar level II

Terraces, north of the mountains

Mountain plain

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Fayaz Tepe, Fountain

Parthian bottle

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Parthians

Christian ossuary

Afrosiab, Ambassadors Fresco: northern wall, Chinese boat

Iranian Azerbaijan, Iron Age Arrowheads

Sherd from the fourth millennium BCE

Hecatompylos, Square building

Isfahan, Sharestan bridge

Balkh, Corinthian capital

Iron Age ring from western Parthia

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery, Court

Vologases II

Ai Khanum, map

Zurmala stupa

Houses in Kampyr Tepe

Gotarzes II

Kangavar, Foundations of a wall

Behistun, Parthian relief of Mithradates II, drawing

Behistun, Parthian rock reliefs

Ctesiphon, iwan

A fertile plain north of Nihavand

Coin of Phraates II

Southern hill, panorama

Karmir Blur, Scythian arrowheads

A big jar (dolium)

At the banks of the Oxus river

Fergana Valley, Bronze cauldron

Zurmala stupa

Kerman, Mountains

Orodes I

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Arian

Amulet of Bes from Iran

Aššur, Parthian stele of a worshipper

Vologases V

The Silk Road

Vardanes I

Along the road from Hamadan to the west

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Medes

Eucratides I of Bactria

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Sagartians

Hellenistic figurine of a deity

Cup from the fourth millennium

Ctesiphon, iwan

Orodes II

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Arachosian

Behistun, Parthian relief of Mithadates II

Hecatompylos, Hill 1, Clandestine excavation

Hecatompylos, Sherds on the plain

m'dy (OP. Mâda = Media)

Kara Tepe, West, "Greek" column base

Behistun, Darius' relief, Tritantaechmes

Dura Europos, Old Citadel

Afrosiab, Ditch

Early first millennium beak pot

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief, drawing

Dura Europos, Temple of Zeus Theos

Kara Tepe, South, Two caves

Axe in the shape of a two-headed demon, mastering a boar and a dragon (Early Bronze Age)

Monstrous male figure with a water vessel (Early Bronze Age)

Parthian jar

Eburz near Ahuan

Zoroastrian fire altar

Derbent Road

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Eucratides II of Bactria

Kara Tepe, Relief

Relief of Artabanus IV

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa, inside

Naqš-e Rustam, Parthian relief of a lion

Hellenistic pilgrim flask

Nineveh, Funerary mask, Parthian age

Snake amulet

Fayaz Tepe, Sun god

Tus, Wall (in its present form Seljuk)

Kangavar, General view

Isfahan, Zayandeh Rud (and the Si-o-se Bridge)

Valley of the Kunar, from an airplane

Kara Tepe, West, Court with cells

Kangavar, Stairs

Tepe Godin, from the southeast

Kara Tepe, West, Round Stupa

The Jaxartes, between Samarkand and Tashkent

Corbu, Seal ring of king Scyles

Susa, small Hellenistic or Parthian portrait

Vologases III

Tapioszentmarton, Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

Topraq Qala

Charax

Behistun, Darius' relief, Frâda (center) and Skunkha (right)

sg?shkš (OP Sâka = Scythians)

Kara Tepe, Head

Early first millennium beak pot

Tepe Godin, the deep sounding

Zurmala stupa

pltiiw3 (OP. Parthava = Parthia)

Handle of a Parthian coffin

Mihai Eminescu, Fish-shaped horsegear

Iranian Azerbaijan, Disk with a deity with two wild animals

Belogradets, Cimmerian tombstone

Hamadan, Parthian oil lamp

Jiroft, Weight made of chlorite

Kara Tepe, Head

Arrowheads from Hamadan

Gotarzes I

Kara Tepe, North, General view

Zanjan Rud

Map of Sogdia

Ctesiphon, iwan

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Strata

Tus, Statue of Firdausi (a copy can be seen in the Villa Borghese park in Rome)

Hellenistic column base

Tepe Godin, map

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Bactrian

Afrosiab, Ambassadors Fresco: western wall, delegates

Persepolis, Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Scythians

Koktepa, Mirror

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Tepe Godin, pottery from level III

s3htjl (OP. Bâkhtriš = Bactria)

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Zurmala stupa, entrance

Axes from Luristan

hlw3 (OP. Haraiva = Aria)

The "French trench"

Koktepa, Scissors

Modern painting of Zarathustra

Varahsha, Relief of a hunter

Hamadan, Achaemenid column bases

Tepe Nush-e Jan, wall of the fort

Kara Tepe, West, Skeleton

Crossing the Elburz

Kangavar, Portico

Eshaqvan, Rock Relief (cast at Taq-e Bostan)

Pot from the fourth millennium BCE

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Sacae

Plate, decorated with a snake (Early Bronze Age)

Demetrius I of Bactria

Gabae, Hill

Hecatompylos, Hill 1

Ahuan, Karwansaray

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Gotarzes relief

Dura Europos, Temple of Aphlad, Relief of Aphlad

Dukkan-e Daud, Tomb

Mithradates II

Kara Tepe, North, Court

slng (OP. Zranka = Drangiana)

Map of Hyrcania/Parthia/Aria

Afrosiab, Figurine of Anahita

Orodes III

Vologases VI

Kara Tepe, Lid of a pot

Lumina, Stele of a Scythian ruler

Afrosiab, Ruins

Hyrcanian cup, decorated with gazelles

Gabae, Hill

Afrosiab, Late pottery

Kara Tepe, North, Court, Column bases

Afrosiab, Ruins

Parthian quarter

A bowl from Tepe Hesar I

Afrosiab, Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall

Diodotus I of Bactria, coin

Eshaqvan, Rock Tombs

Coin of Artabanus I

Zoilus of Bactria

Entrance of the excavation

Shashtepa, Fragment of a rhyton

A Magian, worshipping at a fire altar

Fayaz Tepe, wall painting of Alexander the Great

Hyrcania, Terraces

Zurmala stupa, brickwork

Southern hill

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

The Caspian Sea at Ramsar

ch3rs3m' (OP. Uvârazmîy = Chorasmia)

The Avestan world

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Hamadan, Sasanian flask

Sarmatian roundel

Tepe Nush-e Jan, from the east

Eucratides I of Bactria

Behistun, Free-standing rock relief of a Parthian dignitary

Ahuan, general view of the edge of the Dasht-e Kavir

Scythian arrowheads

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Relief III

The famous iwan of Ctesiphon

Afrosiab, Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall, two dromedary riders

Hamadan, Sasanian ostracon about receiving a ration of food

Grey ware from Khurvin

The Zagros west of Qazvin

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Medes

Kara Tepe, West, Inside a cave

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a seated Buddha

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Relief II

Mithradates I the Great

Tiridates I

Vardanes II

Head of a bronze statue of a Parthian prince, found at Shami, Khuzestan

Tepe Nush-e Jan, apadana

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

Parthian mounted archer

Kara Tepe, Relief

An incision (a brook cutting its way through the rocks)

Samarkand, Afrosiab, seen from Samarkand's observatory

Afrosiab, Ruins

The river Oxus

Hamadan, Aqueduct

Behistun, Parthian relief of Gotarzes II defeating Meherdates

Hecatompylos, Hill 3

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery and Stupa, model

The Wall of Alexander near Gonbad-e Kavus

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Sogdian

Hecatompylos, Hill 2

Persepolis, Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Arachosians

Samarkand, Afrosiab, Sogdian pottery

Yazd, funeral houses

Map of the world of the Scythians

Kara Tepe, West, Caves

Tepe Godin, store rooms

Kampyr Tepe, Plain

Babylonian map of the western Zagros. A road, a mountain, and a river are indicated.

Kangavar, Back

Dura Europos, Temple of the Palmyrene Gods

Athens, Black-figured dish with a Scythian archer

The Elburz from Tepe Hesar

Behistun, Darius' relief, Phraortes

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Sakâ tigrakhaudâ

Kara Tepe, Painted pottery

Hamadan, Hellenistic or Parthian lion

Scortaru, Scythian cauldron

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

Shorsuv, Portrait of a warrior

Mithradates IV

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Bactrian camel

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Sogdians

Afrosiab, Ruin of a wall

Behistun, Free-standing rock relief of a Parthian dignitary

Phraates IV

The Nesaean Plain, surrounding Ecbatana (modern Hamadan)

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a group of courtiers

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Arachosians

Arsaces I

Ctesiphon, iwan

Artabanus IV

Chorasmian coin

Artabanus III, coin

Map of Alexander's Return

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Sacae

Gonur Deppe, Horse tomb

Parthian warrior

Tepe Hisar, Late Bronze Age phial

Fayaz Tepe, Necklace

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Fayaz Tepe, Miniature vessel

Parthian lute player

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Arians

Behistun Rock, seen from the east

Tepe Hesar

Behistun, Safavid bridge on Sasanian piers

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Bactrians

Kampyr Tepe, Houses

Jar from the fourth millennium BCE

Tigranocerta, Sasanian bullae

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

Persian dish

Watercourse

Tepe Nush-e Jan, brickwork inside the fort

Phraates III

A mounted archer

Sogdian pottery

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Two Medes

Fayaz Tepe, Standing Buddha

Kyrgyzstan

Vologases IV

Bactrian imitation of an Athenian drachm

Sinatruces

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Parthian

A Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

A Magian (Oxus Treasure)

Hellenistic or Parthian gargoyle

Summit of the ziggurat

Artabanus II

Persepolis, Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Sogdians

The ruins from Ai Khanum

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

Parthian bowl

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Gandj Nameh, Waterfall

Northern hill

Behistun, Free-standing rock relief of king Vologases

Cup from the first millennium

Hamadan, Bull's head

Iron ore

Isfahan, Atashgah (Sasanian fort with fire sanctuary)

Iranian Azerbaijan, Stone weight

Osroes I

Eagle-shaped scythian brooche

Vonones II

Afrosiab, Sogdian helmet

skdy (OP. Sugda = Sogdia)

Deep sounding

Sogdian weapons

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Sagartian

Afrosiab, Ditch

Hamadan, Terrace wall

Deformed skulls

The 1999-2004 excavations

Phraataces

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple, altar

Medgidia, Fake Scythian sword (akinakes)

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, Southern part, Sogdians

Fayaz Tepe, Seated Buddha

Map of Alexander's Persian Campaign

Capital with a figure showing features of Buddha and Heracles

A Tatar khan with a pointed cap

Bactrian coin, last quarter of the second century BCE

Letter from Artabanus II, requesting the appointment of one Hecataeus as treasurer

Fayaz Tepe, Pottery with an Indian inscription

Dukkan-e Daud, Tomb, Relief of a Magian

Geological layers

Demetrius I of Bactria

Hellenistic or Parthian figurine of a harpist

Tepe Hesar, Figurine

Hecatompylos, Hill 1

Kangavar, Platform

The 1999-2004 excavations

Head of a Parthian

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Oil lamp

Vonones I

Hamadan, Parthian oil lamp