Greater Iran

Scythian arrowheads

Dasht-e Kavir

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Bactrians

Kara Tepe, North, Court

Parthian quarter

Afrosiab, Ruins

Christian ossuary

Fayaz Tepe, Fountain

Tepe Nush-e Jan, apadana

A mountain valley

Coin of Artabanus I

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa, inside

Nineveh, Funerary mask, Parthian age

Orodes I

Axe in the shape of a two-headed demon, mastering a boar and a dragon (Early Bronze Age)

Phraates III

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

Tepe Hesar

Dura Europos, Temple of Aphlad, Relief of Aphlad

Kara Tepe, Relief

Eucratides I of Bactria

Map of the world of the Scythians

Vologases II

Bactrian coin, last quarter of the second century BCE

Eshaqvan Rock Tombs

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Medes

Eucratides II of Bactria

Eucratides I of Bactria

Kara Tepe, South, Two caves

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Terraces, north of the mountains

Afrosiab, Ditch

An Arachosian. Relief from the East Stairs of the Apadana, Persepolis

The wall of Toos (in its present form Seljuk)

The Sagartian king Tritantaechmes on the Behistun relief

The Elburz from Tepe Hesar

Tepe Nush-e Jan, brickwork inside the fort

Southern hill, panorama

Kara Tepe, Painted pottery

Derbent Road

The statue of Firdausi (a copy can be seen in the Villa Borghese park in Rome)

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall

Fayaz Tepe, wall painting of Alexander the Great

Map of Alexander's Return

Iron Age ring from western Parthia

Vologases VI

Arrowheads from Hamadan

Dura Europos, Temple of Zeus Theos

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Medes

Diodotus I of Bactria, coin

Dura Europos, Palmyra Gate

Hellenistic or Parthian gargoyle

Kara Tepe, Frieze of an elephant

Amulet of Bes from Iran

Novocherkassk, Vessel with an elk_handle

Crossing the Elburz

Sakâ tigrakhaudâ. Relief from the eastern stairs of the Apadana at Persepolis.

Monstrous male figure with a water vessel (Early Bronze Age)

The Zanjan Rud

Cup from the first millennium

Dura Europos, Old Citadel

Kara Tepe, West, Skeleton

Fergana Valley, Bronze cauldron

Vologases IV

Behistun relief from a distance

Fayaz Tepe, Necklace

Zoilus of Bactria

Parthian bottle

Tepe Godin, store rooms

A bullshead from Ecbatana

Early first millennium beak pot

Behistun Rock, seen from the east

Sasanian fort with fire sanctuary

Afrosiab, Ruins

Belogradets, Cimmerian tombstone

Yazd, funeral houses

Hamadan, Parthian oil lamp

Central-Asian statuette of a camel

Vardanes II

Watercourse

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sogdians

Phraataces

Kara Tepe, West, Round Stupa

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief

Mithradates II

Gabae, hill

Snake amulet

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Kara Tepe, Relief

Map of Hyrcania/Parthia/Aria

A Sagartian

sg?shkš (OP Sâka = Scythians)

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple, altar

Koktepa, Mirror

Ctesiphon, iwan

Afrosiab, Ditch

Tepe Nush-e Jan, wall of the fort

Relief of Artabanus IV

Sogdian

Parthian mounted archer

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

The Zayandeh Rud and Isfahan's famous Si-o-se Bridge

Bactrian camel, Persepolis

Jar from the fourth millennium BCE

Disk with a deity with two wild animals

A Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

Parthian rock reliefs

Northern hill

Ctesiphon, iwan

Sherds on the plain

Sarmatian roundel

Hecatompylos, hill 3

Gotarzes I

The river Oxus

The famous iwan of Ctesiphon

The ruins from Ai Khanum

Vonones I

Achaemenid column bases

Ambassadors Fresco: western wall, delegates

Sogdian weapons

Arsaces I

Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Sogdians

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Deformed skulls

Topraq Qala

Scythian archer on an Athenian dish

Babylonian map of the western Zagros. A road, a mountain, and a river are indicated.

A Parthian dignitary

Demetrius I of Bactria

Zurmala stupa, brickwork

Map of Sogdia

Grey ware from Khurvin

Vologases III

Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Scythians

Karwansaray near Ahuan

Zurmala stupa

Oil lamp

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief, drawing

Weight from Azerbaijan

Gotarzes II

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Hecatompylos, hill 2

Aquaduct

Hyrcanian cup, decorated with gazelles

The relief at Eshaqvand (cast at Taq-e Bostan)

Demetrius I of Bactria

Vardanes I

Kara Tepe, West, Caves

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Gotarzes relief

Two Medes

The citadel of Afrosiab, seen from Samarkand's observatory

The Behistun relief from below

The Parthian king Vologases

Parthian lute player

Behistun, Parthian relief of Mithadates II

Tepe Hisar, Late Bronze Age phial

Behistun, Parthian relief of Gotarzes II defeating Meherdates

Houses in Kampyr Tepe

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

Fayaz Tepe, Seated Buddha

Fayaz Tepe, Miniature vessel

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sacae

Mountain plain

Tepe Hesar, Figurine

The Jaxartes, between Samarkand and Tashkent

At the banks of the Oxus river

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Ambassadors Fresco: northern wall, Chinese boat

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief III

Entrance of the excavation

m'dy (OP. Mâda = Media)

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Arians

Parthian lion

Shorsuv, Portrait of a warrior

Early first millennium beak pot

A Hellenistic or Parthian lion

pltiiw3 (OP. Parthava = Parthia)

Terrace wall

Cadusian arrowheads

Safavid bridge on Sasanian piers

Tepe Godin, pottery from level III

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sogdians

Fayaz Tepe, Pottery with an Indian inscription

Hellenistic column base

Artabanus II

Sharestan Bridge

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Arachosians

Chorasmian coin

Zoroastrian fire altar

Hecatompylos, square building

The "French trench"

A big jar (dolium)

Karmir Blur, Scythian arrowheads

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery, Court

The 1999-2004 excavations

Capital with a figure showing features of Buddha and Heracles

Tepe Godin, from the southeast

Hecatompylos, hill 1

Kangavar, general view

Parthian warrior

Kerman, mountains

A Parthian. Relief from the East Stairs of the Apadana, Persepolis

hlw3 (OP. Haraiva = Aria)

Hellenistic figurine of a deity

Eshaqvan from a distance

Phraates IV

Varahsha, Relief of a hunter

Sogdian pottery

Kara Tepe, North, Court, Column bases

Summit of the ziggurat

An incision (a brook cutting its way through the rocks)

Axes from Luristan

Aššur, Parthian stele of a worshipper

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Geological layers

Hamadan, Sasanian flask

The Nesaean Plain, surrounding Ecbatana (modern Hamadan)

Corinthian capital from Balkh

skdy (OP. Sugda = Sogdia)

Eburz near Ahuan

Plate, decorated with a snake (Early Bronze Age)

Zurmala stupa, entrance

Zurmala stupa

Kara Tepe, West, "Greek" column base

Late pottery

Kara Tepe, Lid of a pot

Small Hellenistic or Parthian bust

Gonur Deppe, Horse tomb

Strata

An Arian

ch3rs3m' (OP. Uvârazmîy = Chorasmia)

Kara Tepe, North, General view

Ai Khanum, map

Kangavar, summit

Kara Tepe, Relief

Hellenistic or Parthian figurine of a harpist

Hyrcania, terraces

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief IV

Dura Europos, a Parthian votive relief

Dura Europos, Temple of the Palmyrene Gods

Southern hill

Tigranocerta, Sasanian bullae

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a group of courtiers

A Magian (Oxus Treasure)

Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall, two dromedary riders

Weight from Jiroft, made of chlorite

Tepe Godin, map

Kangavar, portico

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

Kara Tepe, West, Court with cells

slng (OP. Zranka = Drangiana)

Kara Tepe, Head

Artabanus III, coin

Kampyr Tepe, Plain

Hecatompylos, hill 1

Vonones II

A Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

Osroes I

Bottle from Tepe Hesar level II

Parthian bowl

Ctesiphon, iwan

A Bactrian. Relief from the eastern stairs of the Apadana at Persepolis.

Kyrgyzstan

The Wall of Alexander near Gonbad-e Kavus

A fertile plain north of Nihavand

Kampyr Tepe, Houses

Head of a bronze statue of a Parthian prince, found at Shami, Khuzestan

Along the road from Hamadan to the west

Samarkand, Afrosiab, Sogdian pottery

A bowl from Tepe Hesar I

Vologases V

Pot from the fourth millennium BCE

Hamadan, Parthian oil lamp

Tepe Godin, the deep sounding

Deep sounding

Afrosiab, Ruin of a wall

Kangavar, stairs

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sacae

Koktepa, Scissors

Persian dish

The Silk Road

Modern painting of Zarathustra

Mithradates IV

Gabae, hill

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery and Stupa, model

A Magian, worshipping at a fire altar

Kangavar, back

Kangavar, foundations of a wall

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sagartians

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Parthian jar

s3htjl (OP. Bâkhtriš = Bactria)

Hellenistic pilgrim flask

Tiridates I

Coin of Phraates II

The 1999-2004 excavations

Zurmala stupa

Sherd from the fourth millennium BCE

Fayaz Tepe, Standing Buddha

Orodes II

A Tatar khan with a pointed cap

Mithradates I the Great

The Zagros west of Qazvin

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Letter from Artabanus II, requesting the appointment of one Hecataeus as treasurer

Hamadan, Sasanian ostracon about receiving a ration of food

Kara Tepe, West, Inside a cave

Eagle-shaped scythian brooche

Ctesiphon, iwan

Map of Alexander's Persian Campaign

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a seated Buddha

Valley of the Kunar, from an airplane

Kara Tepe, Head

Clandestine excavation at Hill 1

Head of a Parthian

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Parthians

Shashtepa, Fragment of a rhyton

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Iron ore

Cup from the fourth millennium

Tepe Nush-e Jan, from the east

Handle of a Parthian coffin

The Caspian Sea at Ramsar

Fayaz Tepe, Sun god

A mounted archer

Sogdian helmet

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief II

The Avestan world

A Parthian dignitary

Sinatruces

Orodes III

Charax

Parthian relief of Mithradates II, drawing

Artabanus IV

Bactrian imitation of an Athenian drachm

Afrosiab, Ruins

Kara Tepe, Head