Greater Iran

Kara Tepe, Relief

Late pottery

Geological layers

Fergana Valley, Bronze cauldron

At the banks of the Oxus river

Kerman, mountains

Kara Tepe, West, Court with cells

Gotarzes I

The ruins from Ai Khanum

Hellenistic or Parthian figurine of a harpist

Hyrcania, terraces

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sacae

Kara Tepe, Painted pottery

Tepe Hesar, Figurine

Fayaz Tepe, Fountain

Afrosiab, Ruins

Vonones I

Artabanus III, coin

Dura Europos, Temple of Aphlad, Relief of Aphlad

Hyrcanian cup, decorated with gazelles

Fayaz Tepe, wall painting of Alexander the Great

A Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

Fayaz Tepe, Standing Buddha

Zurmala stupa

Gabae, hill

Osroes I

Phraates IV

The statue of Firdausi (a copy can be seen in the Villa Borghese park in Rome)

Hellenistic pilgrim flask

Modern painting of Zarathustra

Parthian relief of Gotarzes II

A fertile plain north of Nihavand

Achaemenid column bases

Sogdian

Kara Tepe, North, General view

The Parthian king Vologases

Early first millennium beak pot

An Arachosian. Relief from the East Stairs of the Apadana, Persepolis

m'dy (OP. Mâda = Media)

Behistun Rock, seen from the east

Bactrian camel, Persepolis

A Parthian dignitary

Fayaz Tepe, Miniature vessel

The Nesaean Plain, surrounding Ecbatana (modern Hamadan)

Tepe Nush-e Jan, brickwork inside the fort

Afrosiab, Ruin of a wall

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

Kara Tepe, Relief

Behistun relief from a distance

Map of Hyrcania/Parthia/Aria

The relief at Eshaqvand (cast at Taq-e Bostan)

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

The famous iwan of Ctesiphon

Parthian relief of Mithridates II, drawing

Cup from the fourth millennium

Kara Tepe, South, Two caves

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sacae

The Elburz from Tepe Hesar

Fayaz Tepe, Seated Buddha

Grey ware from Khurvin

Aššur, Parthian stele of a worshipper

Varahsha, Relief of a hunter

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Zurmala stupa, entrance

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Tepe Nush-e Jan, from the east

Crossing the Elburz

Kangavar, summit

Orodes II

Tiridates I

Vologases III

Tepe Nush-e Jan, wall of the fort

Tepe Godin, store rooms

Two Medes

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief II

The wall of Toos (in its present form Seljuk)

Hecatompylos, square building

Kara Tepe, Relief

Summit of the ziggurat

Phraataces

Kara Tepe, Head

Charax

Ai Khanum, map

Mithradates IV

Cup from the first millennium

A Parthian. Relief from the East Stairs of the Apadana, Persepolis

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery and Stupa, model

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Map of Alexander's Persian Campaign

Sarmatian roundel

Zurmala stupa

Relief of Artabanus IV

Tepe Hesar

An incision (a brook cutting its way through the rocks)

The citadel of Afrosiab, seen from Samarkand's observatory

Map of Alexander's Return

Sinatruces

The "French trench"

The Behistun relief from below

Kara Tepe, West, Inside a cave

Orodes III

Afrosiab, Ruins

Parthian jar

Kara Tepe, West, "Greek" column base

Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall, two dromedary riders

Central-Asian statuette of a camel

Phraates III

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Arians

Zoroastrian fire altar

Tepe Godin, from the southeast

A bullshead from Ecbatana

Weight from Jiroft, made of chlorite

Southern hill, panorama

Dura Europos, Temple of the Palmyrene Gods

Valley of the Kunar, from an airplane

Zurmala stupa, brickwork

Kara Tepe, Head

Watercourse

Afrosiab, Ditch

Karwansaray near Ahuan

skdy (OP. Sugda = Sogdia)

Dura Europos, Temple of Zeus Theos

Ctesiphon, iwan

Hellenistic or Parthian gargoyle

Map of the world of the Scythians

Strata

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Arachosians

Koktepa, Scissors

Dura Europos, Palmyra Gate

Christian ossuary

Nineveh, Funerary mask, Parthian age

Eshaqvan from a distance

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a group of courtiers

The Zanjan Rud

Afrosiab, Ditch

Afrosiab, Ruins

slng (OP. Zranka = Drangiana)

Vologases VI

The Sagartian king Tritantaechmes on the Behistun relief

Jar from the fourth millennium BCE

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery, Court

Ctesiphon, iwan

sg?shkš (OP Sâka = Scythians)

The Avestan world

Small Hellenistic or Parthian bust

Sakâ tigrakhaudâ. Relief from the eastern stairs of the Apadana at Persepolis.

Sherd from the fourth millennium BCE

Parthian rock reliefs

A Magian (Oxus Treasure)

Sogdian helmet

Belogradets, Cimmerian tombstone

Yazd, funeral houses

Snake amulet

Topraq Qala

Monstrous male figure with a water vessel (Early Bronze Age)

Tepe Hisar, Late Bronze Age phial

Vologases IV

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a seated Buddha

Parthian warrior

Capital with a figure showing features of Buddha and Heracles

Hecatompylos, hill 3

The Zagros west of Qazvin

The Zayandeh Rud and Isfahan's famous Si-o-se Bridge

An Arian

A Parthian dignitary

Orodes I

Chorasmian coin

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Fayaz Tepe, Pottery with an Indian inscription

Mountain plain

Vologases II

Shorsuv, Portrait of a warrior

Zurmala stupa

Coin of Phraates II

Samarkand, Afrosiab, Sogdian pottery

Novocherkassk, Vessel with an elk_handle

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Arrowheads from Hamadan

Sherds on the plain

The Silk Road

Koktepa, Mirror

A Tatar khan with a pointed cap

The 1999-2004 excavations

A Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

Early first millennium beak pot

Karmir Blur, Scythian arrowheads

Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Scythians

Sharestan Bridge

A Hellenistic or Parthian lion

Southern hill

Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Sogdians

Kara Tepe, Frieze of an elephant

pltiiw3 (OP. Parthava = Parthia)

Entrance of the excavation

Persian dish

Hecatompylos, hill 1

Kyrgyzstan

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sagartians

Hellenistic column base

Aquaduct

Ctesiphon, iwan

Kara Tepe, West, Caves

Mithradates II

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief

Sogdian pottery

Bactrian imitation of an Athenian drachm

Pot from the fourth millennium BCE

The Caspian Sea at Ramsar

Derbent Road

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa, inside

Kangavar, foundations of a wall

Dura Europos, Old Citadel

Handle of a Parthian coffin

Kangavar, back

Hecatompylos, hill 2

Parthian bottle

Cadusian arrowheads

A Magian, worshipping at a fire altar

Northern hill

Kampyr Tepe, Plain

Ctesiphon, iwan

Deformed skulls

Bottle from Tepe Hesar level II

Kara Tepe, North, Court, Column bases

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief IV

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Eburz near Ahuan

Hecatompylos, hill 1

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Scythian archer on an Athenian dish

A Bactrian. Relief from the eastern stairs of the Apadana at Persepolis.

Tepe Godin, pottery from level III

Artabanus IV

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sogdians

Head of a Parthian

Parthian relief of Mithridates II

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Medes

Along the road from Hamadan to the west

Vologases V

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

Parthian bowl

Gotarzes II

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sogdians

The Wall of Alexander near Gonbad-e Kavus

Terraces, north of the mountains

Kangavar, general view

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple, altar

A Sagartian

Vonones II

Axe in the shape of a two-headed demon, mastering a boar and a dragon (Early Bronze Age)

Map of Sogdia

A big jar (dolium)

Eagle-shaped scythian brooche

Ambassadors Fresco: western wall, delegates

Arsaces I

Kara Tepe, Lid of a pot

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Bactrians

Tepe Nush-e Jan, apadana

Babylonian map of the western Zagros. A road, a mountain, and a river are indicated.

A mounted archer

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Gotarzes relief

Shashtepa, Fragment of a rhyton

Letter from Artabanus II, requesting the appointment of one Hecataeus as treasurer

s3htjl (OP. Bâkhtriš = Bactria)

Kangavar, stairs

Kangavar, portico

Safavid bridge on Sasanian piers

Kampyr Tepe, Houses

Kara Tepe, North, Court

Hellenistic figurine of a deity

Houses in Kampyr Tepe

Axes from Luristan

Sasanian fort with fire sanctuary

Fayaz Tepe, Sun god

Dasht-e Kavir

Deep sounding

Kara Tepe, West, Skeleton

Iron ore

Mithradates I the Great

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Medes

Clandestine excavation at Hill 1

Tepe Godin, the deep sounding

Coin of Artabanus I

The river Oxus

Vardanes II

Parthian lion

Eshaqvan Rock Tombs

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief III

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Parthians

Iron Age ring from western Parthia

Oil lamp

The 1999-2004 excavations

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

Sogdian weapons

Parthian quarter

Bactrian coin, last quarter of the second century BCE

Disk with a deity with two wild animals

Fayaz Tepe, Necklace

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief, drawing

A bowl from Tepe Hesar I

A mountain valley

Parthian lute player

Weight from Azerbaijan

Artabanus II

ch3rs3m' (OP. Uvârazmîy = Chorasmia)

Ambassadors Fresco: northern wall, Chinese boat

Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall

Scythian arrowheads

The Jaxartes, between Samarkand and Tashkent

Kara Tepe, West, Round Stupa

Corinthian capital from Balkh

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

Gabae, hill

Tepe Godin, map

Terrace wall

Dura Europos, a Parthian votive relief

Head of a bronze statue of a Parthian prince, found at Shami, Khuzestan

Kara Tepe, Head

hlw3 (OP. Haraiva = Aria)

Plate, decorated with a snake (Early Bronze Age)