Greater Iran

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Scythians

Amulet of Bes from Iran

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery and Stupa, model

Sherd from the fourth millennium BCE

Entrance of the excavation

Axe in the shape of a two-headed demon, mastering a boar and a dragon (Early Bronze Age)

Kangavar, back

Afrosiab, Ruins

The wall of Toos (in its present form Seljuk)

Derbent Road

Strata

A fertile plain north of Nihavand

Sharestan Bridge

Kampyr Tepe, Houses

Hellenistic figurine of a deity

Aššur, Parthian stele of a worshipper

Afrosiab, Ruins

Eburz near Ahuan

Sogdian pottery

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Arrowheads from Hamadan

Parthian rock reliefs

Artabanus II

Zurmala stupa

Tepe Nush-e Jan, wall of the fort

The Elburz from Tepe Hesar

Gotarzes II

Hamadan, Parthian oil lamp

The Behistun relief from below

Bactrian coin, last quarter of the second century BCE

Sogdian helmet

The Zagros west of Qazvin

Kara Tepe, Head

Parthian bowl

Sinatruces

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

Kara Tepe, North, Court, Column bases

Geological layers

Kara Tepe, West, Round Stupa

The Parthian king Vologases

Nineveh, Funerary mask, Parthian age

Fayaz Tepe, Monastery, Court

Demetrius I of Bactria

Karmir Blur, Scythian arrowheads

The Zanjan Rud

Terrace wall

Weight from Azerbaijan

Zoroastrian fire altar

Vologases II

Relief of Artabanus IV

Topraq Qala

Tepe Godin, pottery from level III

Phraates IV

The Nesaean Plain, surrounding Ecbatana (modern Hamadan)

Tepe Godin, store rooms

The Silk Road

Ctesiphon, iwan

s3htjl (OP. Bâkhtriš = Bactria)

Afrosiab, Ditch

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Medes

Eucratides II of Bactria

Snake amulet

Yazd, funeral houses

The 1999-2004 excavations

Kara Tepe, Relief

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa, inside

Christian ossuary

The Avestan world

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple, altar

The Jaxartes, between Samarkand and Tashkent

Scortaru, Scythian cauldron

Map of Alexander's Persian Campaign

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Arachosians

Phraates III

The Sagartian king Tritantaechmes on the Behistun relief

Hecatompylos, hill 1

Iron Age ring from western Parthia

Orodes III

Kara Tepe, Lid of a pot

Valley of the Kunar, from an airplane

Map of Sogdia

Cup from the first millennium

Hecatompylos, square building

Ctesiphon, iwan

The Caspian Sea at Ramsar

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Iron ore

The citadel of Afrosiab, seen from Samarkand's observatory

Kangavar, stairs

Novocherkassk, Vessel with an elk_handle

Kangavar, summit

Artabanus IV

Fayaz Tepe, Pottery with an Indian inscription

Aquaduct

Weight from Jiroft, made of chlorite

Parthian mounted archer

Hyrcania, terraces

At the banks of the Oxus river

Kampyr Tepe, Plain

Safavid bridge on Sasanian piers

Persian dish

Vologases III

Diodotus I of Bactria, coin

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Zurmala stupa

Pot from the fourth millennium BCE

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

Southern hill, panorama

Grey ware from Khurvin

Axes from Luristan

Ctesiphon, iwan

Late pottery

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sagartians

Dura Europos, Palmyra Gate

Head of a Parthian

Hamadan, Sasanian ostracon about receiving a ration of food

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Arians

Afrosiab, Ruin of a wall

Eucratides I of Bactria

Behistun relief from a distance

Charax

Kara Tepe, Frieze of an elephant

slng (OP. Zranka = Drangiana)

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sacae

Tepe Nush-e Jan, fire temple

Kara Tepe, North, Court

Central-Asian statuette of a camel

Zurmala stupa, brickwork

An incision (a brook cutting its way through the rocks)

Mithradates IV

Deformed skulls

Fayaz Tepe, Standing Buddha

Dura Europos, Old Citadel

Afrosiab, Ditch

Ai Khanum, map

A Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

A Scythian shield emblem in the shape of a stag

Tiridates I

Koktepa, Mirror

The relief at Eshaqvand (cast at Taq-e Bostan)

Shorsuv, Portrait of a warrior

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Parthians

Ambassadors Fresco: western wall, delegates

Hellenistic or Parthian figurine of a harpist

Kara Tepe, West, Skeleton

Kangavar, portico

Map of the world of the Scythians

Eucratides I of Bactria

Parthian lion

Northern hill

Hellenistic pilgrim flask

A bullshead from Ecbatana

Samarkand, Afrosiab, Sogdian pottery

Hyrcanian cup, decorated with gazelles

Parthian warrior

Tepe Godin, from the southeast

Shashtepa, Fragment of a rhyton

The Zayandeh Rud and Isfahan's famous Si-o-se Bridge

The famous iwan of Ctesiphon

Vonones I

A Parthian. Relief from the East Stairs of the Apadana, Persepolis

Fayaz Tepe, Necklace

Parthian bottle

Dura Europos, Temple of the Palmyrene Gods

Tepe Nush-e Jan, brickwork inside the fort

Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall, two dromedary riders

Vologases IV

Eshaqvan Rock Tombs

Tigranocerta, Sasanian bullae

Terraces, north of the mountains

Letter from Artabanus II, requesting the appointment of one Hecataeus as treasurer

Kerman, mountains

Kampyr Tepe, Wall (reconstructed)

Orodes I

Fayaz Tepe, Miniature vessel

Kara Tepe, West, "Greek" column base

Medgidia, Fake Scythian sword (akinakes)

Hecatompylos, hill 1

Sasanian fort with fire sanctuary

A Magian (Oxus Treasure)

Sogdian

Gonur Deppe, Horse tomb

Deep sounding

Coin of Artabanus I

Jar from the fourth millennium BCE

Fayaz Tepe, Fountain

A Bactrian. Relief from the eastern stairs of the Apadana at Persepolis.

Kyrgyzstan

Hellenistic or Parthian gargoyle

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Two Medes

Tepe Hisar, Late Bronze Age phial

A Tatar khan with a pointed cap

Koktepa, Scissors

Varahsha, Relief of a hunter

Behistun, Parthian relief of Gotarzes II defeating Meherdates

m'dy (OP. Mâda = Media)

Karwansaray near Ahuan

Dura Europos, a Parthian votive relief

Vardanes II

Monstrous male figure with a water vessel (Early Bronze Age)

Disk with a deity with two wild animals

Vologases VI

Crossing the Elburz

Lumina, Stele of a Scythian ruler

Summit of the ziggurat

The river Oxus

Parthian jar

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Medes

Capital with a figure showing features of Buddha and Heracles

Chorasmian coin

Mithradates II

Small Hellenistic or Parthian bust

Kara Tepe, Relief

Kara Tepe, South, Two caves

Zoilus of Bactria

Kara Tepe, Relief

Fayaz Tepe, Stupa

Sherds on the plain

A Magian, worshipping at a fire altar

Cup from the fourth millennium

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief IV

pltiiw3 (OP. Parthava = Parthia)

Kangavar, general view

Hecatompylos, hill 3

Coin of Phraates II

Zurmala stupa, entrance

The 1999-2004 excavations

Orodes II

Southeastern "tower of silence"

Tepe Hesar

Ambassadors Fresco: southern wall

Fayaz Tepe, wall painting of Alexander the Great

Tepe Nush-e Jan, from the east

Eshaqvan from a distance

Osroes I

hlw3 (OP. Haraiva = Aria)

The "French trench"

A Parthian dignitary

Fayaz Tepe, Seated Buddha

Ambassadors Fresco: northern wall, Chinese boat

Dura Europos, Temple of Aphlad, Relief of Aphlad

Kara Tepe, West, Caves

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a group of courtiers

Kara Tepe, North, General view

Dasht-e Kavir

Kara Tepe, West, Court with cells

Mithradates I the Great

Handle of a Parthian coffin

Sogdian weapons

Dura Europos, Temple of Zeus Theos

A mounted archer

Head of a bronze statue of a Parthian prince, found at Shami, Khuzestan

Apadana, North Stairs, Tribute Bearers, Sogdians

Kara Tepe, Head

Fayaz Tepe, Wall Painting of a seated Buddha

The Wall of Alexander near Gonbad-e Kavus

Parthian lute player

Hellenistic column base

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Mountain plain

Babylonian map of the western Zagros. A road, a mountain, and a river are indicated.

Artabanus III, coin

Demetrius I of Bactria

Parthian quarter

A bowl from Tepe Hesar I

Mihai Eminescu, Fish-shaped horsegear

Map of Hyrcania/Parthia/Aria

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief II

Bottle from Tepe Hesar level II

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sogdians

Tepe Godin, map

Vardanes I

A Hellenistic or Parthian lion

Houses in Kampyr Tepe

Parthian relief of Mithradates II, drawing

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sacae

Map of Alexander's Return

Kara Tepe, Head

Gabae, hill

Cadusian arrowheads

An Arian

A Sagartian

ch3rs3m' (OP. Uvârazmîy = Chorasmia)

Hamadan, Parthian oil lamp

Tepe Nush-e Jan, inside the fort

Kara Tepe, Painted pottery

Eagle-shaped scythian brooche

Kara Tepe, West, Inside a cave

The ruins from Ai Khanum

Northwestern "tower of silence"

Hecatompylos, hill 2

A mountain valley

Scythian arrowheads

Early first millennium beak pot

A big jar (dolium)

Along the road from Hamadan to the west

Scythian archer on an Athenian dish

Phraataces

Gotarzes I

Achaemenid column bases

Plate, decorated with a snake (Early Bronze Age)

Clandestine excavation at Hill 1

Belogradets, Cimmerian tombstone

Tepe Hesar, Figurine

Gabae, hill

Sarmatian roundel

Behistun Rock, seen from the east

Tepe Godin, the deep sounding

Bactrian imitation of an Athenian drachm

Corinthian capital from Balkh

Tepe Nush-e Jan, apadana

Oil lamp

Early first millennium beak pot

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Bactrians

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Gotarzes relief

Fayaz Tepe, Sun god

Arsaces I

Persepolis, Apadana, East Stairs, southern part, Sogdians

Behistun, Parthian relief of Mithadates II

Fergana Valley, Bronze cauldron

Hamadan, Sasanian flask

Ctesiphon, iwan

Kangavar, foundations of a wall

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, Anubanini Relief, drawing

A Parthian dignitary

An Arachosian. Relief from the East Stairs of the Apadana, Persepolis

Watercourse

Vologases V

skdy (OP. Sugda = Sogdia)

Modern painting of Zarathustra

The statue of Firdausi (a copy can be seen in the Villa Borghese park in Rome)

Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief III

Bactrian camel, Persepolis

Sakâ tigrakhaudâ. Relief from the eastern stairs of the Apadana at Persepolis.

Afrosiab, Ruin of a palace

Zurmala stupa

sg?shkš (OP Sâka = Scythians)

Afrosiab, Ruins

Vonones II

Southern hill